METAFORIČKA ZNAČENJA ENGLESKOG PRIDEVA HARD I SRPSKOG PRIDEVA TVRD – KOGNITIVNOLINGVISTIČKA ANALIZA
METAPHORICAL SENSES OF THE ENGLISH ADJECTIVE HARD AND THE SERBIAN ADJECTIVE TVRD – A COGNITIVE LINGUISTIC ANALYSIS

Summary/Abstract: In this paper, there have been identified conceptual metaphors activated in the semantic dispersion of the English adjective hardand the Serbian adjective tvrd. The aim of the analysis has been to compare these metaphors and their productivity in the semantic structures of the two adjectives. Such a comparison has provided an insight into similarities and differences between English and Serbian related to the conceptualization of abstract notions using the notion of physical hardness as a source domain. The results of the analysis have shown that most of the identified metaphorical patterns are common for the two semantic structures in question. Actually, there is a range of abstract notions conceptualized on the basis of physical hardness as a source domain in both English and Serbian. However, the given common patterns are not equally productive in the two semantic structures. This means that there are cases in which there has been noticed a great difference in the number of senses derived on the basis of the sameconceptual metaphor in the two semantic structures. What is more, it is a frequent case that completely different senses have been derived on the basis of the same conceptual metaphor in the semantic structures of the two adjectives. Therefore, the same conceptualization can be differently realized in the two languages depending on the context in which the given adjective is used. Finally, the observation that there are cases in which more than one sense has been derived on the basis of a single metaphorical pattern leads to the conclusion that the analysed polysemous structures are organized according to several conceptual metaphors. Hence, this analysis has provided a deeper insight into the internal organization of the polysemous structures of the adjectives hardand tvrd, which could be used as a model for the organization of dictionary entries according to conceptual metaphors activated in the semantic dispersion of a particular lexeme.

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