Дозвілля в сучасній Україні як об’єкт культурологічного дослідження: до постановки проблеми
Leisure time in modern Ukraine as object of cultural studies: definition of the problem

Summary/Abstract: Theory of leisure are deeply rooted in the tradition of ancient philosophy. Aristotle declares personal and societal value of leisure time. Much attention was paid to leisure and in the writings of the Church Fathers. Modern theorists often based on the concept of J. Herder and I. Kant. These concepts are methodological basis of the study of cultural and leisure activities as an organic whole, historically conditioned process, the social essence of nature leisure activities, social essence of nature leisure activity that enlivens culture, society and personality. Modern theorists rely on the theory of JJ Rousseau and Voltaire. Since the nineteenth century the problem leisure activities, leisure time in a particular aspect occupied the minds of many theorists (Herbart, Veblen, Marx, Engels, Tarde, Durkheim, Werner, Sombart, Weber, Ortega y Gasset, Marcuse, Freud and many others). It should be noted that the problem of leisure and today is one of the most popular topics of research both in Ukraine and abroad. We study the history leisure time, functions, pedagogical framework, and specific activities of various institutions, social and psychological aspects of entertainment. Despite the considerable number of papers on different aspects of leisure time, though it should be noted that the issue of leisure in Ukraine remains unexplored. Leisure in modern Ukraine in the context of mass and elite, generally is ignored researchers. This is what causes the relevance of this work. Study and disclosures stated theme requires consideration precisely in terms of view of cultural science. The basic principle is interdisciplinary character of cultural studies. The interdisciplinary character promotes profound, comprehensive coverage and study of problems of culture. Analysis leisure time in modern Ukraine in the context of mass and elite requires consideration of this phenomenon from the position of history, aesthetics, art, ethics, psychology. In the interpretation of "leisure" is some contradiction, namely both leisure time and explained as "idleness" and as a "leisure activity". This contradiction is fixed not only in the vocabulary of literature, it can be seen in the writings of philosophers of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, modern times, as well as in research both foreign and domestic theorists of our time. This ambiguous attitude to the merits of the concept of "leisure" can be explained by by identifying its axiological characteristics. Another aspect that in some way connected with the axiological, and which should emphasize – this space leisure time or leisure activities. The choice of leisure time space depends on what is for man in one time or another meaningful under the reality in which it exists, and that is out of this importance. Speaking of this aspect in the context of elite and mass, it can be argued that one and the same person may be prone to different types of leisure time. The question of freedom and unfreedom on the problem leisure time – one of the most difficult and important. The lack of freedom, perception of culture as suppression system generates and appropriate forms of entertainment. The world of human existence in the society and the world of the person stipulate as Husserl said, the horizons of the world of man. Semantic connections and relationships of human activity ambivalent because on the one hand, they include fundamental dependence and determination of all the fullness of the world; but on the other, the same semantic relations always exist in the subjective sense of separation from the world. Concerning leisure time actualized cultural reflection of moral and aesthetic foundations of life and the world in different vectors of its manifestations. Leisure – is an individual time a precious primarily for the individual. Collective recreation recreation is institutionalized. One recreation can be transformed into another. Another aspect of the study of the problem of leisure – a gender that reveals specifics recreation men and women. Leisure determined mentality of the people. Social memory in leisure time absorbed, transmitted, transformed and updated. Currently relationship mentality of the Ukrainian people and nature with forms leisure inherent, particularly for modern Ukraine is little known. Of course, an important aspect in the study of recreation features in the context of elite and mass is the ratio of leisure and activities, entertainment and games, and identify the dominant type of recreation in modern Ukraine. The problem of recreation in modern Ukraine, as part of the free time, used for production, distribution and consumption of cultural values, communication, creativity, entertainment, recreation and other officially unregulated human activity has significant research capacity.Theory of leisure are deeply rooted in the tradition of ancient philosophy. Aristotle declares personal and societal value of leisure time. Much attention was paid to leisure and in the writings of the Church Fathers. Modern theorists often based on the concept of J. Herder and I. Kant. These concepts are methodological basis of the study of cultural and leisure activities as an organic whole, historically conditioned process, the social essence of nature leisure activities, social essence of nature leisure activity that enlivens culture, society and personality. Modern theorists rely on the theory of JJ Rousseau and Voltaire. Since the nineteenth century the problem leisure activities, leisure time in a particular aspect occupied the minds of many theorists (Herbart, Veblen, Marx, Engels, Tarde, Durkheim, Werner, Sombart, Weber, Ortega y Gasset, Marcuse, Freud and many others). It should be noted that the problem of leisure and today is one of the most popular topics of research both in Ukraine and abroad. We study the history leisure time, functions, pedagogical framework, and specific activities of various institutions, social and psychological aspects of entertainment. Despite the considerable number of papers on different aspects of leisure time, though it should be noted that the issue of leisure in Ukraine remains unexplored. Leisure in modern Ukraine in the context of mass and elite, generally is ignored researchers. This is what causes the relevance of this work. Study and disclosures stated theme requires consideration precisely in terms of view of cultural science. The basic principle is interdisciplinary character of cultural studies. The interdisciplinary character promotes profound, comprehensive coverage and study of problems of culture. Analysis leisure time in modern Ukraine in the context of mass and elite requires consideration of this phenomenon from the position of history, aesthetics, art, ethics, psychology. In the interpretation of "leisure" is some contradiction, namely both leisure time and explained as "idleness" and as a "leisure activity". This contradiction is fixed not only in the vocabulary of literature, it can be seen in the writings of philosophers of Antiquity, the Middle Ages, modern times, as well as in research both foreign and domestic theorists of our time. This ambiguous attitude to the merits of the concept of "leisure" can be explained by identifying its axiological characteristics. Another aspect that in some way connected with the axiological, and which should emphasize – this space leisure time or leisure activities. The choice of leisure time space depends on what is for man in one time or another meaningful under the reality in which it exists, and that is out of this importance. Speaking of this aspect in the context of elite and mass, it can be argued that one and the same person may be prone to different types of leisure time. The question of freedom and unfreedom on the problem leisure time – one of the most difficult and important. The lack of freedom, perception of culture as suppression system generates and appropriate forms of entertainment. The world of human existence in the society and the world of the person stipulate as Husserl said, the horizons of the world of man. Semantic connections and relationships of human activity ambivalent because on the one hand, they include fundamental dependence and determination of all the fullness of the world; but on the other, the same semantic relations always exist in the subjective sense of separation from the world. Concerning leisure time actualized cultural reflection of moral and aesthetic foundations of life and the world in different vectors of its manifestations. Leisure – is an individual time a precious primarily for the individual. Collective recreation recreation is institutionalized. One recreation can be transformed into another. Another aspect of the study of the problem of leisure – a gender that reveals specifics recreation men and women. Leisure determined mentality of the people. Social memory in leisure time absorbed, transmitted, transformed and updated. Currently relationship mentality of the Ukrainian people and nature with forms leisure inherent, particularly for modern Ukraine is little known. Of course, an important aspect in the study of recreation features in the context of elite and mass is the ratio of leisure and activities, entertainment and games, and identify the dominant type of recreation in modern Ukraine. The problem of recreation in modern Ukraine, as part of the free time, used for production, distribution and consumption of cultural values, communication, creativity, entertainment, recreation and other officially unregulated human activity has significant research capacity.

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