Кислотно-гемолитическая устойчивость эритроцитов напряженного эритропоэза в условиях низкочастотной вибрации
Acid-hemolytic stability of erythrocytes of intense erythropoiesis under conditions of low-frequency vibration

Summary/Abstract: This paper deals with the peculiarities of functioning of murine erythron system under vibrational stress on the basis of experimental data about erythrocytes acid resistance. Experiments were made on the outbred male mice at about one age and weight that were maintained in vivarium conditions on usual diet. Animals were divided into 5 groups. Animals of 1–4 groups were exposed to daily thirty-minute vibration at frequencies of 8, 16, 24 and 32 Hz respectively, with amplitude of 0.8 ±0.12 mm during 14 days. Animal exposure to vibration was provided by the electromechanical converter connected to the generator of low frequency signals. The fifth group of animals was not exposed to vibration and it was used as a control. Kinetic dependences of acid hemolysis of erythrocytes was registered daily, from the 1st to the 5th day, and further at the 7th, 9th and 14th days of experiment. Blood for analysis was taken from tail veins in 15–20 min after stopping of vibration. As the basic indicators characterizing resistance of erythrocytes to the hemolytic agent influence we used the hemolysis rate constant, i.e. the value inverse to cell half-life time. For analysis of acid erythrograms we also used such indicators as hemolysis duration, maximum erythrogram’s time and width of the interval of erythrocyte group dominating in the population. We processed the results of research statistically. The study showed that acid resistance of erythrocytes decreased during the first five days of vibration influence at frequencies of 8–16 Hz. Besides, erythrocytes were divided into fractions that indicated the erythrocytes aging and strengthening of the population heterogeneity. On the fifth day of 16 Hz influence the emission of reticulocytes was recorded. At 8 Hz influence these processes were registered on the 7th day of the experiment. During the subsequent days the hemolysis curves were slightly displaced in relation to the control. Increase in hemolysis time and forms of erythrograms suggested the existence of erythrocytes fraction with increased resistance to the haemolytic factor. High activity of stress-induced mechanisms led to the drop in the general erythrocytes content in blood, and to the decrease in the share of low-resistant “old” erythrocytes and general increase in erythrocytes stability to the acid hemolysis. At 24 Hz vibration influence we observed similar processes; however, during the second week of action the content of “old” erythrocytes in murine blood was much higher, compared with “young” cells. Strengthening of erythrocytes heterogeneity was observed with the shift on the erythrograms to the left, emergence of several maxima, and reduction of half-life time of the cells. However, the hemolysis termination time was not reduced. At 32 Hz vibration the erythropoesis was not observed within 14 days of the experiment. Stress-induced disorder of the hemopoesis and cellular composition of peripheral blood were revealed and expressed in erythropoesis suppression, devastation of the “old” erythrocytes’ reserve, and decrease in their acid resistance. The consequence of these processes can be hypoxia of cells and tissues, which is one of the mechanisms of organs stress injuries.

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