Instytucje formalne i nieformalne. Skutki antynomii
Formal and informal institutions. Results of antinomy

Summary/Abstract: The article presents author’s research on the institutional system of economy, including the relations among institutions. The aim of the research was to show the antinomy of formal and informal institutions. The analysis was conducted on the example of Polish economy based on chosen countries. A fundamental problem of the efficiency of the institutional system refers to the relation happening between formal and informal institutions. The antinomy between them is “friction” in the creation of consistent incentives by this system. Coming into being and increasing of the conflict between formal and informal institutions is a barrier of economic development, limits investments and enterprise through the decrease of trust towards the others and the state. The main manifestation of conflict among institutions in Poland is low level of social trust and law acceptance. Its fundamental reasons are opacity and high level of law complication as well as the erosion of informal institutions.

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