Економска реализација земљишне својине према византијским законима VII и VIII века (еклога и земљораднички закон)
Economic Implementation Of Farm Land Property According To Byzantine Laws In VII And VIII Century (eklog And The Farmers' Law)

Summary/Abstract: In the history of Byzantine economy, the period of VII and VIII centuries represented a sort of transition for Byzantine social structures. Agricultural production in these new circumstances was transferred from the hands of wealthy land-owners to small, independent agricultural manufacturers. There was a tendency to abandon agricultural production based on the labour of slaves and colonies. These, in many ways distinctive transitional changes were regulated by laws, such as the Eklog or the Farmers' law. These two laws provide information about the measures and principles that influenced the government of a number of emperors and their administrations in the new circumstances their states were facing. It was in this period that old institutes were reformed and new institutes were created, which were appropriate for the current situation. The best example of this is the organization of land property, which could be observed through a number of institutes. These included, first of all, farm land ten-ancies, such as emphyteusis, which can be singled out as a sort of long-term, alienable and heritable lease of land, and also sharecropping and mortit, which represented a kind of natural annuity. The purpose of this paper is to examine these institutes related to the economic realisation of land property, and to analyse the legal regulations which resulted from the laws such as Eklog and the Farmer’s law, as well as some solutions which resulted from Justinian's Codex.

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