„Idea w poniewierce”. Pierwszy artykuł polityczny Romana Dmowskiego
„Idea w poniewierce”. The First Political Article of Roman Dmowski

Summary/Abstract: This is an attempt to examine the intellectual roots of Roman Dmowski, one of the co-founders of National Democracy, the Polish version of integral nationalism. This article investigates the impact of conceptions of fin-de-siecle theories on the whole Polish independence-oriented movements of the second part of XIX Centu¬ry. Multivariate analysis of documents of the epoch demonstrate that anti-materialist, an¬ti-positivist, and anti-liberal sets of ideas, the so-called ‘idealist revolt” mixed with socio darwinism was a fundamental part of the experience of the entire Polish generation of the 1890s. Furthermore, the apparent effect of Social Darvinism on the whole generation - both left and right - was stronger than other factors that scholars have typically stressed before, including positivist ideas, anti-Russian and anti-German sentiments. Such an in¬terpretation in the case of young Dmowski’s world-view puts an emphasis on the crucial role played by anti-socialist beliefs combined with racial theories taken from Western po¬litical traditions. Yet, in Dmowski’s first political writings, in his holistic revision of En¬lightenment tradition in the Polish national discourse, at their centre is radical anti Semi-tism.

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