Geneza i rozwój formacji policyjnych w Polsce od początków państwowości po utratę niepodległości
The genesis and development of police groups in Poland from the beginning of statehood to the loss of independence

Summary/Abstract: This article presents the genesis and development of Police groups in Poland since the beginning of statehood to the loss of independence after three subsequent partitions. The issue concerning the origin of Police in Poland, its development and actions constitutes a complex subject. The analysis of this issue became the approval of the hypothesis assuming that the current organizational and structural situation is the consequence of the historical development of security administration. Starting from antiquity, the Police has been considered as a military formation and it had not existed as an independent branch of administration until the 18th century. Nevertheless, from the ancient times, one can speak about the emergence and shaping of the competences of the police authority. Over the years, the position of Police has been shaped in different ways; nevertheless, it has always been an armed formation serving the state. Regardless of the name or established structures, its purpose was to protect public safety and order.

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