MIHAIL BAHTIN VE POSTMODERN ROMANDA BİÇİMSEL YAPININ SOSYOLOJİK ANLAMI
MIKHAIL BAKHTIN AND THE SOCIOLOGICAL MEANING OF THE FORMAL STRUCTURE IN POSTMODERN NOVEL

Summary/Abstract: Literature has undergone an important transformation, especially in the field of novels, with the 20th century and has resigned itself to formal innovations as a result of the rapid changes in society. It should be said that this new type of literature, that is termed as postmodern novel, is a new expression of social reality. However, what postmodern novel expresses sociologically has been a significant deficiency in the literature in spite of the limited research. That is, studies of the sociology of literature that insist on evaluating literary work in the context of social content and social relations have inadequate theoretical background to understand the sociological meaning of form in literary work. This study aims to cover this deficiency in the sociology of literature within the framework of the work of Bakhtin and his circle. Especially two studies of them are thought to have been missed in the studies of sociology of literature and it is revealed that these works dealt with form and content in literary work before the sociology of literature was founded as a discipline. As a matter of fact, for the first time in 1924, Bakhtin talked about a sociological poetics that supports the integrity of form and content in literary work and Medvedev, an important member of the Bakhtin circle, stated in 1928 that there must be a dialectical relationship between the formal method and the sociological method. In this study, both Bakhtin’s poetics/theory of novel and Medvedev’s sociological poetics offered substantial clues to sociologically understand the formal structure of the postmodern novel.

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