PİERRE DÉSİRÉ GUİLLEMET’NİN İLK ÖZEL RESİM ATÖLYESİ VE OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE SANAT EĞİTİMİNE KATKISI
The First Private Atelier of Pierre Désiré Guillemet and Contribution to Art Education in Ottoman Empire

Summary/Abstract: The close affiliations with Europe in the middle of 18th century were not limited in military field. The innovations which were going to influence our traditional painting art were also brought to the country. European artist, whose oil painting compositions were well liked, were appointed as Palace head painters; and they have caused a change on the miniature oriented painting art mentality of the Palace. Foreign oil painting masters such as Stanisław Chlebowski (1835-1884) and Pierre Désiré Guillemet (1827-1878) have taken the places of famous miniature masters such as Levnî (?-1732) and Abdullah Buharî (18th Century). The Ottoman Sultans were sending students to Europe for education in various fields such as art, gunnery, chemistry and law since the beginning of 1830. The prominent sultan of this period is Sultan Abdülaziz (1864-1876). These were the years when painting art, of both the palace and out of palace, had a strong and prevalent influence environment. Ahmet Ali Pasha’s, who has returned to home after completing his education in 1871, has held his first exhibition in April 1873 in İstanbul, and this could be counted as the first product of this formation. This exhibition was also held by Ahmet Ali Pasha and was open for public; this also pioneered for creating an art environment out of palace. There were also foreign artist living in our country, who wanted to have some income from their art. The head painter of Sultan Abdülaziz, Pierre Désiré Guillemet, has opened a painting academy in İstanbul during this period. This first atelier which has gained the liking and interest of the public was followed by the ateliers of Turkish artists. These first ateliers of both domestic and foreign artists have tried to answer the public desire for painting of İstanbul people until March 1883, the establishing of Sanayi-i Nefise Mektebi (School of Fine Arts). In this sense, with new data gained, a scientific scrutinization of the education styles, programs and their contribution to the fine art of the first private painting ateliers in Ottoman Empire, carries a high importance.

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