BERDYAEV FELSEFESİNİN TEMEL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Basic Characteristics of Berdyaev’s Philosophy

Summary/Abstract: Russian thought is basically the thought directed in to the eschatological problems and painted with belief in the Hereafter. In this respect, it is different from Western philosophy. This gives him the character of religious philosophy. So the philosophy that determines the direction of Russian thought is the Russian religious philosophy. The greatest representatives are known as Vladimir Solovyov (1853-1900), Sergei Bulgakov (1871-1944), Nikolay Berdyaev (1874-1948). The purpose of this study is to lay to reveal on which based principles relayed the famous Russian thinker Nikolay Berdyaev’s philosophy. Berdyaev’s world of thought is fed by Russian thinkers such as Vladimir Solovyov, Nesmelov, Rozanov, Merejkovskiy, Dostoyevsky, as well as most well-known philosophers of the Western world, such as A. Schopenhauer, J. Böhme and Nietzsche. So that this effect manifests itself in his views of morality, religion, freedom, personality and knowledge. Most of Russian writers of the history of philosophy divide the line of thoughts of Berdyaev into certain periods. In this study, we will try to examine the principles of the philosophy of Berdyaev within these periods.

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