Początki ewolucji podstawowych pojęć i definicji w europejskiej nauce administracji
The early stages and evolution of basic notions and definitions in European administrative science

Summary/Abstract: The development of modern legal and administrative sciences in the 19th century incurred the need to define their research scope and basic notions. Among the latter, the central questions of the developing administrative science was the definition of the notion of “administration” itself and of “an administering body”, with emphasis on the fundamental features and functions, and consequently also the definition of the legal status of civil servants (providers of administration) and judicial control over its activity. Pioneering concepts in the area emerged in the latter half of the 19th century in French and German theory, yet they differed both as to the method and the goal of the research effort made in the field. Characteristic of the French theory were, traditional for the country, pursuits of the practical ordering of knowledge, and its later application as a foundation for theoretical constructs, while the German science took formulation of appropriate definitions and notions connected to the idea of the state of law for the starting point. This led to different approaches in defining the same notions in the realm of administrative science, approached by the French doctrine primarily from the side of the subject, while the German doctrine emphasised the objective and functional approach. Against this background, representatives of the contemporary Polish administrative sciences presented their own original concepts, which remained within the mainstream of development of the European administrative science.

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