Koherencja terapii ręki i integracji sensorycznej
Hand therapy and sensory integration coherence

Summary/Abstract: Gross motor skills are the basis for the development of fine motorics. The article pictures the particular stages of the development of in-hand manipulation and graphomotorics during the first year of life, starting with the palmar grasp reflex dominating in infancy, and ending with the ability of a child to hand an object and the ability of effortless, effective in-hand manipulation using both hands at twelve months. The particular stages of acquiring manipulative and graphomotoric skills are inseparable from sensory integration as a process, with the brain as the main agent. The role of the brain in this process is to receive information from the senses, then select them, eliminating the useless ones, finally to integrate them with those already stored in the brain in order to apply an appropriate movement reaction. The development of fine motorics is closely connected with e.g. the role of the sense of touch. This sense, according to the concept of sensory integration, is divided into the exteroceptive and proprioceptive systems, with each of them having their individual role. When the sensory processing is disturbed, sensory modulation disorder (sensory discrimination disorder, sensory-based motor disorder) takes place. When designing a hand therapy with stimulation of the sense of touch, the improvement of precise movements of the hand and fingers is aimed at. The proposed exercises and stimulation improve not only the child’s mobility, but also bilateral co-ordination, eye-hand co-ordination as well the proprioception and gradation of strength.

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