Valuation in pupils’ stories as an expression of cognition and evaluation of the world
Valuation in pupils’ stories as an expression of cognition and evaluation of the world

Summary/Abstract: The analysis of stories written by pupils from sixth and seventh grades proves that they evaluate the depicted world mainly by means of stylistic word formation devices, especially hypocoristic forms and epithets, most frequently of positive markedness.They are also willing to apply exclamations, e.g. ³a³! and colloquial words such as spoko and gościu. Their application of phraseological expressions and the creation of metaphors does not seem to be very frequent. Metaphors serve mainly as means to describe abstract concepts, e.g. Rozkwitaj¹ca miłość przypomina wschód słońca (The thriving love resembles a sunrise).The analysis of the stories proves that pupils evaluate positively what brings them satisfaction, provides a feeling of safety and what is beautiful, which means that moral, aesthetic and hedonistic values are important to them. Negative valuation, in turn, concerns, first of all, what is related to pain, fear, violence, i.e. with vital and moral anti-values.

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