Az orosz vezérkar 1910–1913-as tervei az Osztrák–Magyar Monarchia és Németország elleni támadásra
The Plans of the Russian General Staff in 1910–1913 for an Attack against The Austro–Hungarian Monarchy and Germany

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the present paper is to present those plans, hitherto unknown in Hungary, which were elaborated during the four years preceding World War I by the Russian general staff, in accordance with their French colleagues, in order to launch an attack against Germany and the Austro–Hungarian Monarchy. In 1893 France concluded a secret military treaty with Russia that was directed against the Triple Alliance. Although the defeat suffered from Japan and the revolution of 1905 halted the Russian preparations, in 1910 they resumed, upon French pressure, the elaboration of detailed military planning. The 1910 plan concentrated the majority of forces to attack Eastern Prussia along the line Bielostok – Brest – Cholm. The troops to attack the Monarchy were disposed along the line Brest – Litovsk – Kovel – Rovno – Proskurov. (See the annexed maps prepared by the Russian staff.) During the negotiations between the Russian and French staffs that took place in 1911 the initial numbers of the attacking forces were set down, and it was also agreed that the French and the Russians would begin the attack respectively on the 10th and 15th day of mobilization. The new Russian plan was signed by Nicholas II on 1 May 1912. Two versions of the military plan were adopted, plan „A” for the case of Germany turning at the start of the war with the majority of her forces against France, and plan „G” if Germany opted for a main strike against Russia. In September 1913 a new French–Russian military treaty was concluded. On 25 September 1913 the Tzar sanctioned the document called „Basic conceptions about the deployment of our forces in the war against the powers of the Triple Alliance”. According to this, the actual plan of mobilization would have come into effect on 1 November 1914, and the spring of 1915 was thought fit for the attack. As the war started earlier, mobilization was undertaken along the „A” variant of the plan adopted on 16 May 1912.

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