Еволюция на хигиената и здравната профилактика като основа за развитието на общественото здравеопазване през Древността и Средновековието
Evolution of hygiene and health prophylaxis as a basis for the development of public health care in the Antiquity and the Middle Ages

Summary/Abstract: The historical analysis gives a comprehensive view of: the reasons that have led to the evolution and development of public health care, at the same time creating the knowledge of the problems and the approaches used to solve them. This complements the contemporary picture and focuses on better solutions and perspectives. Due to its specificity, the history of the hygiene and health prevention are the basis for the development of public health care. The reviewed period from the Antiquity to the Middle Ages is characterized by the emergence of human civilization and the emergence of hygiene, initially as elementary knowledge to protect people from illnesses and unfavourable weather conditions, transmitted from generation to generation. An attempt has been made to summarize and systemize hygiene tips and practices in the Antiquity because it was known that the treatment does not stop the spread of mass diseases and the ways to prevent them are more important. With the development of class society, science and productive forces, this knowledge is continually enriched and applied during wars, in the construction and urban development of cities, during the emergence of epidemics, in order to arrive at its scientific justification and mandatory legislative implementation and control. Gradually the objectives of preventive medicine coincide with the tasks of the state and as such those are realized by undertaking their mandatory legislative implementation and control.

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