КАРОЛИНГИТЕ, ИКОНОБОРСТВОТО И ИКОНОПОЧИТАНИЕТО НА ЗАПАД
CAROLINGIANS, ICONOCLASM AND IMAGE VENERATION IN THE WEST

Summary/Abstract: Libri Carolini, as an expression of a very high theology in the West in the early ninth century, mainly through Teodulf of Orléans, puts forward the “Carolingian orthodox” view on the Holy Icons and Cross that denounces both the iconoclastic position and the decisions of the Nicaea Council II (787). Regardless of the doctrine of the Church about Icon veneration and drawing upon the decisions of the Frankfurt Council (794), some authors held a different view on icons by refuting their veneration (Hrabanus Maurus, Agobard of Lyons, Hincmar of Reims, among others), and even opposing the worship of the Holy Cross (Claudius of Turin). This paper focuses on the issue of the Christian Image in the ninth century in the West and examines the arguments that the celebrated Irish recluse and scholar Dungal, archbishop Jonas of Orléans and Walafrid Strabo developed in response to the radical iconoclastic ideas of Claudius of Turin against the Holy Cross and Icons.

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