Czy strukturalizm zabił literaturę (we Francji)? Od efektu rzeczywistości do powrotu rzeczywistośc
Did Structuralism Kill Literature (in France)? From the Reality Effect to the Return to Reality

Summary/Abstract: In the field of the literary studies in France structuralism was strongly connected with the assumption that literature doesn’t describe reality, i.e. that it is “irreferential”. For some time the words “reality”, “history” and the question “what literature is for?” have more and more often appeared in the titles of the PhD theses, conferences, and essays on literature. Such titles demonstrate that the researchers are strongly interested in such problems as the correlations between literature, history and social sciences, or between literature and ethics. These tendencies, of course, are not confined to France and French-language areas. In France, however, they have a specific nuance: an assumption that literature has something in common with a real world seems impossible without preliminary confrontation with structuralism and its characteristic axiom of “intransitiveness” of literature. The article offers a review of the most significant positions in the debate held since the end of last century.

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