O ważniejszych wyznacznikach akwizycji języka drugiego
On some important factors influencing second language acquisition

Summary/Abstract: The present paper is an attempt at a comparative analysis of some relevant theories of natural language acquisition from the perspective of the current state of cognitive knowledge derived over the past sixty years. Based on the conclusions of the analysis, a model of knowledge management in the process of acquiring communicative competence in a second language is described, which contradicts the previous belief that language learning based on memorization of grammatical rules and vocabulary lists without any reference to the communicative context was a sufficient condition for the use of the target language. In the author's belief that learning a foreign language is a complex process of acquiring skills for the purpose of communicative performing activities. The person organizing this process should be aware of tow considerations. Firstly, it is not possible to teach someone a language because everyone learns their own idiolect, according to their idiosyncrasies and that is why individual differences need to be respected. Secondly, the learning process takes place in a number of successive stages. This goal can be properly achieved by learners only when the didactic process proceeds in the right way and an appropriate order of acquisition procedures is respected.

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