Ролята на волята и разума по отношение на благото при Тома от Аквино и Уилям от Окам
The Role of the Will and the Intellect in Respect to the Good by Thomas Aquinas and William of Ockham

Summary/Abstract: The text examines the positions held by Thomas Aquinas and William of Ockham concerning the nature of the good and the relations in which the human will and intellect must operate, in order one to be able to recognize and act upon it (or, in some cases, even to avoid it). The main topic is the conditions that must be present for one to use one’s will and for the reason to be able to understand what one must do in order to remain in the good. It is shown that one’s will and reason must act together, for one cannot achieve this goal only by following one’s will or one’s reason. The following relations are been examined: 1) between the will and the reason; 2) between the combined work of the will and the reason, and a form of a possible worldly order. Within the frame of examination of this second relation, one faces the problem of the reconciliation of God’s absolute and ordained power (potentia absoluta et potentia ordinata) and the implications that his omnipotence might have on a stable form of a natural law. The most important question is: Which is essentially the fundamental basis of what is good and what is bad?

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