Die Biene und ihre Produkte in der Kunst und im Alltagsleben
The Bee and Its Products in the Arts and in Everyday Life

Summary/Abstract: This paper is divided in two sections: In the first, pictures and representations of bees, beekeeping, beehives, honey and wax from the Early Christian to the late Byzantine period are presented. This work is thus a contribution to the “iconography” of the bee during these times. The second section elaborates on apiculture, the trade in honey and wax, and their various uses in Byzantine society based on literary sources, research and archaeological evidence. The purpose is to provide a comprehensive overview and further insights into Byzantine beekeeping and the use of bee products in the Byzantine world.

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