Verification of the smile curve of food industry in Japan – a consideration using the B to B rate and operating income margin
Verification of the smile curve of food industry in Japan – a consideration using the B to B rate and operating income margin

Summary/Abstract: The goal of this study is to verify the correlation between the industrial organisation and the profitability of the food industry in Japan. Our analysis shows the profitability of each upstream, midstream, and downstream industry us-ing the concept of the smile curve. A quantitative analysis was performed using the B-to-B rate and operating income margins of 32 industrial classifications. The results indicate that the profitability of midstream industries is lower than that of downstream food industries.

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