МАТЕРІАЛЬНЕ СТАНОВИЩЕ СТУДЕНТСТВА ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ ВИШІВ ОДЕСИ У 20-30‑ті рр. ХХ ст
THE FINANCIAL POSITION OF THE STUDENTS OF PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITIES IN ODESSA IN THE 20-30S. XX CENTURY

Summary/Abstract: In the article on the basis of available literature,archival sources and materials of the periodicals, the state of providingstudents of pedagogical universities in Odessa with a living space,scholarships, meals and medical aid in the 1920s -1930s XX century.The author notes that one of the most acute problems for studentswas providing them with housing, especially in the 20s. By the end ofthe decade, less than half of the students who lived in need of a livingspace lived in boarding schools. Some of the youth lived in the homesof proletarian students, who were subordinate to committees improvingthe life of students. In the 30-ies it was possible to solve the housingproblem of Odessa institut of professional training. Other highereducational institutions felt significant problems with the settlementof youth. Some dormitories did not comply with sanitary and hygienicstandards, there were unsanitary conditions, systematic theft, and nottactful treatment of officials. Most of the hostels did not have theirown baths. Significant difficulties arose with the heating of hostels andstudy rooms, especially in the first half of the 1920s.118It is noted that some of the students provided scholarships, thesize of which was scanty. During the 20-ies the percentage of thosewho had fellowship support rose, but did not reach 50%. Some of theyoung people received special scholarships, the size of which washigher than usual scholarships, in particular, economic and personalscholarships.It is about the introduction of the Bolsheviks in the early 1920’stuition fees, than the principle of free education was violated. For adifficult financial situation, not all students had the opportunity tocontribute the amounts indicated, and therefore part of the youth hadto leave the university.The article shows the difficulties that arose with providing thestudents with food, especially during famine in 1921-1923. More thanhalf of the students were fed 1-2 times a day. The students did notoverlook the severe famine of 1932-1933. In fact, the rate of breaddelivery has been reduced by half. In connection with this, the numberof students dropped significantly. Unsatisfactory food pushed youngpeople to commit crimes.The author notes that unsatisfactory nutrition and difficult housingconditions have affected the state of health of students. Medicalassistance was provided by the student polyclinic and city hospitals.Vaccination was carried out against outbreaks of various epidemics,in particular typhus. Practiced sanatorium treatment and organizationof rest homes for sick students.It is told about the work of the organization of the All-Union Societyfor Assistance to Proletarian Students, the Committee for Improvingthe Life of Students, and assisted poor students. Assistance also camefrom the student mutual aid and co-ops. Having received no realhelp from the state, the youth sought constant and temporary work,combining it with studies.

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