Kur’an’da Anlatılan Münafık Tipolojilerinin En Belirgin Karakteristik Özellikleri -Nisâ 142-143. Ayetleri Örneği-
The Most Prominent Characteristics Of Hypocritical Typologies Described in The Qur’an -Example: Nisā 142-143-

Summary/Abstract: In the Qur’an, it is seen that in the context of the beliefs of the interlocutors it is divided into two categories: those who believe and those who deny it. In addition to them, hypocrites who are between faith and denial creates a third group of believe. Hypocrites are the most dangerous enemies in general for the humans and in particular for the Ummah. They try to mislead the individuals and the society in which they are communicating, by painting another part of deception that is a part of their lives.Inner and outer games were used by hypocrites in order to confuse the virtuous society built by Islam. Both the Qur’an and the Prophet(phub) have attracted attention to these games and those who are common in these malicious activities. In this context, verses between 142-143 from Surah of Nisā revealed the features of the hypothetical typology from the perspective of revelations.It have been proven in all respect that they stubbornly fluctuate and mobilize what they desire to achieve social and economical status. They regarded it as legitimate in the hierarchy of achieving what they wanted to see and hear. With the influence of social and cultural factors, their moodiness, revenge feelings, disrespect and many negative behaviors have increased. In essence, hypocritical people have adopted the approach of externally guided religiosity also called “psychological needs religion” or “functional religion”. In the focus of this thought, religious values have lost their importance and meanings in the first degree.Sammary: Islam has gathered people in several groups in terms of belief. The beliefs, temperament and choices of individuals in these groups construct the minds of the group. In other words, the Qur’an divides people into three partsin terms of faith and morality: believer, infidel and hypocriticaltheir differences in terms of whether each of them wouldadopts these values.Qur’analso gave information about the individual’s life and emphasized the deep difference between them in the point of faith. The criterion of Qur’an, which determines the virtue of human beings in terms of faith and deed, draws itsattitude on the distinctionof “good and bad, “right and wrong”, “right (haq) and superstitious”. In many verses, these two contrasting distinctions, which are mentioned above, regarding the values ​​of human beliefs and deeds are clearly explained. Both Qur’an and the Prophet have attracted attention to the inner and outer games that are applied to spoil the Islamic life of the Muslim community and those who are partners in these games. The fact that seccess of humanbeingthat comes to the earth to be tested, depends on the his/her importance and sensitivity to the principles of the Qur’an and Sunnah.In this articlefirst, the conceptual framework of the concept of nifak wasthe conceptual framework of the concept of nifak was first discussed; thenthe framework of the hypothetical typology was drawn in the context of Nisā 142-143 verses.Hypocriticals have put theirfaith into the narrow molds they have created through their indoctrination and conditioning, and from this pointthey have become a dissend(nifaq) individual. The reason for their pitiful state is that they choose a bad umpire life, which they think will be profitable on their own side by mobilizing their motives of panic defense. It has been proven in all respects that they stubbornly flocked and mobilized what they wished to achieve social and economic status. They deemed it legitimate to get things they wanted to do, see and hear. With the influence of social and cultural factors, their moodiness, revenge feelings, disrespect and many negative behaviors have increased. Brieflyhypocritical people have adopted the approach of “externally guided religiosity”, also called “psychological needs religious”The religious values ​​at the center of this thought lost their importance and meaning in the first degree.As a result, according to the Qur’an, it is understood that hypocritical is a concept that has a thical, andbelieve, dimension. As it is seen that the hypocritical person always have a demandingidentity. Hypocriticals, because of their unilateral thinking they do not attempt to any work which don’t have personal gain, and they see people as a useful object. When there is something that he does not want as a disturbingresult of their interest or, when the objection and reaction comes, they have already forgotten about the service,such asthe labor given, the kindness, the reverence and the respect given. The main theme of the this workNisā 142-143. verses isto focus on hypocriticals’ characteristics such astrying to deceive God being bothered tothe prayer, showing off people, little to remember God and stop faltering in the middle of the hypocrisy.Negative behaviors and habit of that haveof these behaviorstemperament of these behaviorsmay cause individuals to instrumentalizationand to objectify the phenomenon of religion, rather than as a subject that determines the phenomenon of life. In this case, religion becomes the instrument of all kinds of worldly interests, capital, imperial tendencies. On the other hand, Muhāsibī, who speaks about the five forms of the reflection of the sense of rhyme, lists them as giving the religiosity to relations with body, appearance, words, deeds and social environment. Vanity is made in many different ways, but the common feature is the desire to gain benefit among people, to achieve glory and fame under the image of piety or honesty. Phariseepeople who seem to like the people they do not like, who caressand praise others and by by doing so trying to take advantage of it, can be seen commonly around.Hypocriticals have remained inadequate in making a sound and firm decision; sometimes they preferred the side of faith, sometimes the blasphemy. Since their beliefsis weak, unfounded and–unstable- they easly change their direction.The timid and baffled attitude of not being based on a trustworthy principle and having not decided on any firm thoughts and beliefs is a distinct psychological state that reflects the character of hypocriticals. Hypocriticals have a tendency to oblige / obscure the boundaries of many religious values; have refuted their minds and hearts with two-faced chains and they haveattracted to the fact of utilitarianism.

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