Квази-държави на сигурността: германските „райони на бизнес съживяване“ в условията на демокрация на собствениците
Security Semi-States: German Business Improvement Districts in a Proprietor Democracy

Summary/Abstract: Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) – public urban space organized by private business stakeholders – have evolved as an “innovation” in urban governance supposed to function as a reaction to inner-city decay. The respective interplay of the business community, public police and rent-a-cops represents local governance regimes in exclusionary action. The paper analyzes the concept of BIDs with regard to its controversial legal (constitutional), spatial and humanitarian impacts. Evidence for the critical challenges that are brought about by BIDs is taken from case studies in the City of Hamburg, Germany.

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