Прве америчке војне мисије „Амазон“ и „Алум“ међу словеначким партизанима
First American Military Missions “Amazon” and “Alum” Among Slovenian Partisans

Summary/Abstract: U. S. intelligence service OSS (Office of Strategic Services) joined the events in Yugoslavia only two years after the occupation. At the beginning, OSS had problems in its intention to extend the work to the territory of Yugoslavia. Therefore, the author firstly points to the action of major allied missions in Yugoslavia, and then focus on their activities in Slovenia. In Slovenia, the Anglo-American military missions were operating in the General Staff of the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Slovenia, with the Corps Headquarters and Headquarters of operational zones. OSS missions played an important role, because through them the United States and other Western allies received important information on military power and deployment of the Axis powers, status of resistance, weather conditions and political situation in Slovenia and other parts of Yugoslavia. Through communication, which OSS missions maintained together with British missions, the Western allies delivered a lot of material and strategic support to the partisan movement in Slovenia. The first American OSS missions, „Amazon“ and „Alum“, arrived in Slovenia on November 26, 1943. The first mission unfortunately landed in the Domobran garrison and managed to escape to the Slovenian partisans. A day later, the mission „Alum“ came to the General Staff of the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Slovenia, joined by the members of the „Amazon“ mission. In addition to these missions, some other U. S. missions, „Arizona“ and „Arrow” and two Anglo-American missions, „Cuckold“ and „Flotsam“, which were mixed OSS/SOE missions, also operated in Slovenia. In addition to these missions, it is necessary to point out the U. S. missions for infiltration in Austria, whose main task was the organization of the Austrian resistance against Nazism. The main task of the mission „Alum“ was monitoring and reporting on the situation on the railway lines Maribor – Ljubljana – Trieste and Maribor – Zagreb – Belgrade. The commanders of „Alum“, Vučinić and Desić, wrote in the most positive way about the Partisan movement in Slovenia, with the difference that Desić was much more critical than Vučinić, especially at the end of the war, when he left the partisan units.

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