Narodni dohodak i društveni proizvod Jugoslavije u međunarodnom pregledu
International Survey of National Income and Social Product of Yugoslavia

Summary/Abstract: The most complex problems accompanying the process of establishing (calculating) National Income and Social Product arc those concerning international comparisons, because in establishing of above mentioned economic categories there exist, theoretically speaking, two basic conceptions, first being: ‒ Marxian one, based on Marx's theory of reproduction and labour theory of value., ‒ the second, based on views of bourgeous political economy, on so called »theory about tire factors of production« (labour, capital, soil), according to which. National Income presents the sum of incomes arising from »the factors of production«., namely, the total sum of rents, profits and interests. National Income and Social Product of the socialist country are calculated according to the former conception, while those of the capitalist country according to the latter one. Each of these conceptions has different extent of National Income and Social Product, and this results in the fact that above mentioned economic categories, calculated according to the different conceptions, cannot be mutually compared. In order to make various international comparisons possible, Statistical Office of OUN (in 1949) suggested to the countries, members of the organization, to calculate National Income according to the conception »the factors of production«, otherwise used by capitalist countries. Numerous problems arise in connection with this, in the first place the problem of converting the currencies of various countries into a single (common) currency, namely, USA dollar. For this purpose the Gilbert and Cravis method is mostly used. Furthermore, it often is the case in international comparisons that terminology of our (socialist) aggregate macro-economic indicators does not agree with the corresponding indicators of capitalist countries. Namely, economic theory in capitalist countries docs not use at all category: Social Gross Product, on the other hand, it uses other three indicators, these being: Gross National Product (GNP), Net National Product (NNP), National Income (NI). In order to compare corresponding indicators in international comparisons, it is necessary to know what does each of above mentioned categories denote, and which our indicator it corresponds to. Thus, we can compare our Social Product to Gross National Product (GNP), and our National Income to Net National Product (NNP) passed in per capita., and all these in the case that our Social Product or National Income are calculated according to the methodology of Statistical Office of OUN. Tire comparison to National Income (NI) is impossible, because we do not have the corresponding indicator. Our National Income, as we had already seen, corresponds to Net National Product (NNP). When we speak about international comparisons of Yugoslav National Income and Social Product, we can say that numerous calculations, according to the methods of Statistical Office of OUN, were under¬taken. The most prominent studied done in this field in Yugoslavia, arc those of Dr. Vinski, Sciential Adviser of the Institute of Economy in Zagreb. According to these calculations the per capita National Income given in USA dollars amounted to Ca. 500 dollars in 1963, while in the course of last few years it amounts to Ca. 800 dollars. According to the calculations from abroad, the per capita National Income of Yugoslavia is a hit lower. The most significant fact to be mentioned here is, that along-side the faster growth rates of real Social Product and National Income of Yugoslavia, compared with number of developed countries, the relative differences in the height of the per capita Social Product and National Income are decreasing.

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