REFERENTIALITY OF THE PRONOUNS IT AND THAT IN COPULAR SENTENCES
REFERENTIALITY OF THE PRONOUNS IT AND THAT IN COPULAR SENTENCES

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this paper is to clarify the referential status of it and that used as the subject of specificational sentences. Whether considered to be referential or non-referential, these pronouns are often treated similarly in the literature, their functional differences being hardly recognized. After a brief survey of recent literature, it will be argued that both pronouns are connected with the notion of a noun phrase involving a variable, as proposed by Nishiyama (2003), and are considered to be non-referential. It will then be suggested that a specificational sentence with it as its subject assigns the value for a variable, while a specificational sentence with that as its subject confirms the identity of the value which has already been assigned.

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