Съвместимост или несъвместимост между подходите към литературната творба?
Compatibility or Incompatibility between the Approaches to the Literary Work?

Summary/Abstract: There are many different conceptions in literary criticism because there are many different ways to answer the question “What is literature?” Every conception creates its own theoretical model of literature and its own methodology to analyze or to interpret literary works, which corresponds to this model. At first sight, we can make the following conclusion: if on theoretical level two conceptions are contradictory, it will be undesirable, unproductive, even impossible to combine their methods of reading literary works. However, the reality is more complicated. There is no unanimous response to the question if literary critics must stick rigidly to only one procedure chosen (semiotic-structural, hermeneutic, deconstructive) or it is admissible, even advisable, to combine different approaches in order to activate a bigger part of the potential meaning of the literary work. The article refers to ideas about this problem of some well-known theorists such as Hirsh, Gadamer, Michel Foucault, Gerard Genette, Paul Ricœur and it considers two approaches to literary texts – the structural approach and the deconstructive one. Its main proposition is that even though these approaches are contradictory, both prove that every meaning is a result of inner relations between the linguistic elements in a given text. So, the collaboration between them is possible, but on condition that they should not be confused. In the course of their interpretation of a literary work, literary critics must explain clearly when and why he follows the structural method, when and why he includes the point of view of deconstruction.

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