Naujažodžių pateikimas ir paieškos galimybės Lietuvių kalbos naujažodžių duomenyne
Neologism presentation and search possibilities in the Database of Lithuanian Neologisms

Summary/Abstract: The language technologies that are seeing rapid development all over the world are grounded on digital language resources: various dictionaries, databases, corpuses, and similar compilations of structured and scientifically described language data. The digital resources of the Lithuanian language are also undergoing an increasing degree of integration in general databases (see http://lkiis.lki.lt, https://www.raštija.lt) and preparation for the digital global market of languages. These resources are used for the development of digital tools and services (such as online search engines, machine translation tools, semantic wordnets, and finally, artificial intelligence). The article offers an introduction into a digital compilation of neological data – the online Database of Lithuanian Neologisms that has been under development by the Institute of the Lithuanian Language since 2011 and is now subject to ongoing updates (ND, http://naujazodziai.lki.lt). Designed to capture Lithuanian neologisms of the early 21st century, it mirrors the changes in the vocabulary of the Lithuanian language and its semantic, morphemic, formational structure. As of late 2018, the ND contains nearly 5,000 neologisms and about 19,000 usage examples. The purpose of the article is to describe the possibilities of trolling for data to be included in the ND and the directions in which they could expand, based on the semantic, structural, and functional attributes of the modern-day Lithuanian language. The first segment deals with the term neologism that has been adopted in the ND, the principles of presenting the data, and the problems with neologism descriptions. It shows that the database can benefit both neological researchers and language users. The second segment examines the development of the ND search engine based on the above requirements. Neologisms in the ND are described following principles that resemble those of the established practice of foreign neologism dictionaries. The information on each neologism in the ND is presented in two blocks: (1) general information on the neologism (a heading, its accentuation; neologism classification based on the characteristics of its form; grammatical attributes; variations of form; neologism origin, original form; formational properties of neologisms; kindred words); (2) the meaning(s) and usage of the neologism (neologism definition; the relationship between the neologism and the norm of the standard language; thematic fields of usage; functional and expressive shades; other variations; semantic ties with other neologisms in the ND; usage examples and dated sources and authors thereof). The ND search engine is being developed on the basis of the above attributes of neologisms, considering the requirements of neological researchers and users of the language (for instance, the ND has a broad application in the process of teaching the Lithuanian language at schools of general and tertiary education). The structuring and initial studies of neologisms reveal their properties that drive wider investigation of the new vocabulary and development of new models to describe them.

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