Парадигми и революции в историята на философията
Paradigms and Revolutions in the History of Philosophy

Summary/Abstract: This paper attempts to establish a new approach to philosophical revolutions. It consists of two parts. The first part tries to reveal the hierarchical structure of philosophical activity. It is shown that the views of the relations between language, mind and reality constitute the very ground of philosophy for they determine what it can(not) achieve and thus its proper subject and its genuine tasks. Since the views in question are either representational or non-representational, there two kinds of philosophical revolutions: methodological and paradigmal. Methodological revolutions advance new methods of legitimizing the already established representationistic views of the relations between mind and reality or language and reality, whereas the paradigmal ones promote anti-representationistic views of these relations. The second part of the paper considers the concrete revolutions in the history of philosophy. It shows that the revolutions of Descartes and the early Wittgenstein are of methodological nature, whereas the revolutions of Kant and the later Wittgenstein amount to paradigmal changes in philosophy.

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