По въпроса за градоустройството на Аполония Понтика в Късноархаичната и Класическата епохи
Urban Planning of Apollonia Pontica during the Late Archaic and Classical Periods

Summary/Abstract: Apollonia Pontica is the earliest Greek apoikia on the Bulgarian Black Sea coast. The Greek city was founded at the end of the 7th century BC and gradually acquired the appearance of a classical, well-developed city centre with monumental public buildings, fortress walls, organised residential neighborhoods, necropolis and suburban territories. As a result of the surveys over the past 25 years, new data have been gathered on the urban planning, public works, citizens’ lives, and the symbiosis between the Thracian tribes: Skirmians and the Ionian colonists. Survey results show that since the very beginning, the settlers occupied the St. Cyricus Island and the Skamni Peninsula. They created and developed a pre-planned city, where continuity and long-term use of public and residential buildings is observed. For the first time in 2017, the complete structure was fully explored since the earliest period of the city: the first years of settling of the colonists. A dwelling dug into the rock from the end of the 6th to the beginning of the 5th century BC was discovered. The related archaeological materials reveal a great variety and luxury in the life of the citizens. By examining the city’s pre-planning, the continuity in the location of neighborhoods, buildings and street network, and the conservatism of the society of that time, a hypothesis was proposed for the commercial part of the city, where some of the most important public buildings had existed. Unknown to research until 2017 is the fortified fortress found on the territory of Apollonia Pontica and located in the land of the village of Ravadinovo at approximately 6 km from the coastline. The explorations initiated discovered sections of a wall of considerable size (with preserved height of 1.80 m and thickness from 1.60 m to 2.20 m). A massive building (citadel) was discovered in the protected area. Based on the analysis of the archaeological finds at this stage of the study, the site is placed in the chronological framework of the most powerful period of the colony development (mid-5th century BC – second half of the 4th century BC).

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