I. DÜNYA SAVAŞI’NDA RUSYA’NIN ZONGULDAK’A YÖNELİK SALDIRILARI (1914-1915)
RUSSIAN ATTACKS ON ZONGULDAK IN WORLD WAR I (1914-1915)

Summary/Abstract: The importance of the city of Zonguldak for the Ottoman Empire grew in the 19th century when coal was discovered there. With its rich coal reserves, Zonguldak quickly drew attention of Western nations and it became even more important during World War I. The Ottoman Empire needed to meet a substantial portion of the coal needs of its capital İstanbul as well as its fleets from Zonguldak. The city’s coal mines constituted a significant factor in relieving Ottoman Empire under war conditions and in increasing its endurance. The Allied Powers, wishing to draw the Ottoman Empire out of the war quickly, advised their ally, Russia, to target coal mining and its transportation in Zonguldak. It was this recommendation that caused Russia to attack Zonguldak in its first operation in the Black Sea in World War I. In 1915, when England and France began their attacks on the Dardanelles Strait, Russia once again targeted Zonguldak in order to break Ottoman resistance in the Dardanelles front.

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