A kárpátaljai magyar és német polgári lakosság tömeges elhurcolása szovjet hadifogságba
The deportation of masses of Hungarian and German civilians from Subcarpathia to Soviet prisoner of war camps

Summary/Abstract: The Soviet Union wanted to annex Subcarpathia (Podkarpatska Rus, which was reannexed to Hungary in March 1939, at the time of the disintegration of Czechoslovakia), because of strategic reasons after second world war. For the sake of the international recognise of annexio there was a tried and tested method, if the local population asks to join to the Soviet Union. For the conduction of this Iván Turjanica arrived in Subcarpathia in October 1944 as the political commissioner of the Czechoslovakian army corps, which fought under the control of the 4. Ukrainian Front. Iván Turjanica separated from the ties of the army corps and first he started to organize the Communist Party of the Transcarpathian Ukraine (that is Zakarpatska Ukraine and not Podkarpatska Rus' as named locally). Then he organized the founding session of the People’s Council of Zakarpatska Ukraine, where the delegates choosen by the comrades proclaimed Subcarpathia (or as they named Transcarpathian Ukraine) secession from Czechoslovakia and joining to the Soviet Union or for form’s sake to SovietUkraine. The smooth implementation of the plan was threatened by the significant number of Hungarian and the smaller population of German minority, who did not want to join to Soviet Union. That’s why Ivan Turyanitsa suggested for the solve this problem and intimidate the population of Subcarpathia, as well as collection of workers the „temporary isolation of persons not enjoying the trust of the Sub-Carpathian population“ to the Military Council of the 4. Ukrainian Front. After this the Military Council of the 4. Ukrainian Front ordered in its session on the 12th of November 1944 by the top secret command No. 0036 to collection and deportation to forced labour to Soviet Union all Hungarian and German nationality men between the age of 18-50 years. In accordance with the command about 40 thousand Hungarian and a lesser extent German civilian men was deported from Subcarpathian. About 40-50 percent of deportees died because of inhuman conditions and work overclocked.

• Details
• Contents