Influence of Participative and Achievement Oriented Leadership Styles on Employee Job Satisfaction in Commercial Banks in Kenya
Influence of Participative and Achievement Oriented Leadership Styles on Employee Job Satisfaction in Commercial Banks in Kenya

Summary/Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of participative and achievement-oriented leadership styles on employee job satisfaction in commercial banks in Kenya. Methodology: The study adopted positivism research philosophy to guide the study and limited itself to descriptive correlational research design to analyze and provide responses to the research questions. The research design was preferred because it allows description and comparison of characteristics of populations based on data collected from samples through questionnaires. The target population of the study was 15,030 employees in all the 43 commercial banks licensed to operate in Kenya as of June 2018. Using stratified sampling technique, the study drew a sample size of 386 employees reporting to middle level managers. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, which included factor analysis, correlational analysis, chi-square, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and regression analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 and Windows’ Microsoft excel programs. Results: Using multiple linear regression analysis, the results of the study confirmed that participative leadership style positively and significantly predicted employee job satisfaction, R2 = .500, F(1, 364) = 181.811, p < .05; β = .673, p < .05. The study findings of multiple linear regression analysis also revealed that achievement-oriented leadership style positively and significantly predicted employee job satisfaction, R2 = .507, F(2, 366) = 190.086, p < .05; β = .639, p < .05. From the results of the regression analysis after moderation, it was revealed that environmental contingency factors significantly moderated the relationship between path-goal leadership style and employee job satisfaction, R2=0.090, F(5,364) = 35.04, p < .05; β= 0.229,p<.05. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study provides a unique contribution to the theory and practice of path-goal leadership styles in a new perspective in terms how path-goal leadership styles associated with the constructs of participative leadership and achievement oriented leadership styles influence employee job satisfaction in commercial banks of Kenya. Suggestions for future research were made, which included research on the influence of path-goal leadership styles on employee job satisfaction in insurance companies, investment companies, and micro-finance institutions.

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