BALKANSKA KOMUNISTIČKA FEDERACIJA I MAKEDONSKO NACIONALNO PITANJE
THE BALKAN COMMUNIST FEDERATION AND THE MACEDONIAN NATIONAL QUESTION

Summary/Abstract: The Balkan Communist Federation was founded in Sofia, Bulgarian January 15, 1920 as a section of the Communist International, with the assignment of organizing and uniting the work of communist parties in the countries of the Balkans and the Danube Basin. While the European communist parties strove within the scopes of national states to improve the economic, social and political position of the working class in the Balkan countries, the Balkan Communist Federation continued to prepare the ground for revolutionary changes in the relations established at the close of World War I. The solutions of the Balkan Communist Federation offered the possibility to all Balkan peoples of forming their own national states,within ethnic borders, as federal units of the envisioned Balkan federation of Soviet republics. Neither the differences in views and interpretations of the national issue in the various communist parties on the Balkans, nor the ideological variance regarding the revolutionary battle as a whole and particularly the national revolutionary struggle of the Macedonian people were ever overcome within the Balkan Communist Federation.The experience gained by the September uprising in Bulgaria in 1923, the struggle against the »white terror«, the call to arms in Yugoslavia in 1929 and especially the strengthening of fascism in Europe induced the communist movement to make a reassessment of the existent historical situation and political relations. Consequently, neither the Macedonian communist party, nor the communist parties of other peoples striving to gain national recognition were formed within the Balkan Communist Federation. One of the changes brought about by the ensuing reform of the communist movement was that in 1934 the Balkan'Communist Federation ceased to exist. The communist parties had given up the idea of a Balkan federation of Soviet republics and had turned to finding solutions of the national and social problems of the Balkan peoples’ within the territorial borders of the existing Balkan states.

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