Cercetările arheologice de la Pietroasa Mică – Gruiu Dării (campania 2018). Perioada eneolitică târzie
Archaeological researches at Pietroasa Mică - Gruiu Dării (2018). Chalcolithic period

Summary/Abstract: The excavations from 2018 conducted in research unit 12 (S12) determined, for the first time since the beginning of the archaeological researches at Gruiu Dării, the demarcation of two Chalcolithic layers (N.1 and N.2).The identification of the two layers allows for some considerations regarding the possible existence of horisonz within the Cucuteni B-Cernavoda mixture . The analysis of the archaeological material from the two layers offered the possibility to follow the progress of the synthesis processes and the stylistic or typological evolution of some categories of objects involved in the specific interference phenomena for this area. The chronological or just stylistic value of the products resulting from such processes remains to be clarified by the accumulation of information and future debates.Three archeological complexes have been identified: C276 (N.1) most likely representing the remains of a structure; C277 (N.1), a hearth with a flat cobbles base and C276a (N.2), representing an „agglomeration" of archaeological materials concentrated mainly in the area of the B-square of the S12 section.Among the archaeological materials belonging to the two layers of S12, we identified ceramic products and tools which were not found in previous discoveries from Gruiu Dării.The discovery of pottery shards with similar decorations to those applied to some pieces found on the site of Hârşova and attributed to the Cernavoda Ib phase, opens the debate on the chronological or just stylistic relevance of these pieces. Judging by the chronological value assigned to the Hârşova classification, we may formulate the opinion of a possible earlier presence in the area of Cernavoda communities. However, the discovery of these pottery shards and those of the Cernavoda Ic type already attested on the same layer, raises questions about the chronological or just stylistic value of these pieces.Another novelty of the 2018 excavations regarding the Chaocolithic is the discovery of the first tools made of copper.It is also worth mentioning the discovery during the same excavations of a whole vessel with a tube. This vessel represents the second discovery of this type from Gruiu Dării in the context of a rather rare presence of this category of containers in the sites attributed to the Chalcolithic period.

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