GEOPOLITYCZNE UWARUNKOWANI PRZENIKALNOŚCI GRANIC I DYFUZJI IDE W EUROPIE ŚRODKOWEJ
GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS OF PERMEABILITY OF BORDERS AND DIFFUSION OF IDEA IN CENTRAL EUROPE

Summary/Abstract: In contrast to the end of the twentieth century, when the expansion of democraticstandards took place, the modern world is becoming a world of strong authoritarianpower. Therefore, it seems interesting to examine the changes in the diffusion ofdemocratic standards in Central Europe, that is in a region in which democratic systemshave neither a long history nor a consolidated position. This diffusion can be presentedfrom the point of view of several factors that determine and characterize its course,especially the geographic location and geopolitical situation of the country being thetarget of diffusion. Among the factors affecting the rate and size of diffusion, wedistinguish endogenous and exogenous factors. The first includes the internal policy ofthe state being the target of diffusion, including the degree of openness of borders, thescope of mass media freedom, including the repressive power system in relation to themedia, policy towards national minorities, the degree of local self-government andgeographical, transport and economic conditions for cross-border cooperation. Exogenousfactors include the foreign policy of the country being the target of diffusion, the foreignpolicy of neighboring countries, the functioning of economic, political and militarygroups in the region, the degree of political openness of the state to diffuse. The aim ofthis work is to determine the degree of permeability of the Central European states'borders at the beginning of the 21st century, to classify these borders and to indicate theimpact of the geopolitical location on the process of diffusion of democratic standards.

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