XVIII. VE XIX. YÜZYILDA HALEP VE CİVARINDA SALGIN HASTALIKLAR
EPIDEMIC DISEASES IN ALEPPO AND ITS ENVIRONMENT IN THE XVIII TH AND XIX TH CENTURİES

Summary/Abstract: Aleppo was founded before Christ, which was one of the first settlements in the region. Since the earliest times epidemic diseases were constantly seen in Aleppo as well as natural disasters. During the period of 400 years under the Ottoman rule, there were constant epidemics in the city. Particularly after Europe, the plague in the Ottoman lands and then the cholera epidemic, malaria, typhoid diseases and various animal diseases were effective in social life. Thousands of people died and many animals were killed because of the epidemics that occurred in the city immediately after drought and famine. This negative events affected the city’s life socially and economically. The Ottomans took the following measures in Aleppo as in other cities against these epidemics. Tahaffuzhanes were opened and quarantine application launched in the city. Doctors and pharmacists were appointed to the city, they gave paying attention to the cleanliness of the city. they also banned the sale of certain products. Ottomans also increased the taxes on sheep and goats to prevent cattle plague. Ottoman administers were assigned veterinarian to the city to prevent animal diseases. They also asked local administrators to be cautious against these epidemics. These measures prevented epidemics for a period, but did not completely stop. According to sources, 159.970 people died from the plague and cholera in Aleppo and its environment between 639-1787. In the region 70.167 people also died because of these diseases between 1800 and 1891. People who died of these epidemics were reported to the Ottoman Government day by day. The government also gave a number of insignia to the civil servants who were fighting against the epidemic in the region. Muslims were the most affected by epidemic diseases in Aleppo and its environment.

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