MONTENEGRO BEFORE THE MILITARY DEFEAT (1915-1916)
MONTENEGRO BEFORE THE MILITARY DEFEAT (1915-1916)

MONTENEGRO BEFORE THE MILITARY DEFEAT (1915-1916)

Summary/Abstract: After Montenegro has declared war to Austro-Hungary at the beginning of August 1914, and Montenegrin army during the first months of war accomplished hugewar successes at the seaside an in the area of the South-East Bosnia, at the end of1914 there was a standstill on the Balkan front . From that time until October 1915,on the Montenegrin- Austrian-Hungarian front were led just occasional conflicts oflower intensity. War operations onto the Balkan front were again intensified at thebeginning of autumn 2015, when the Central Powers started a new huge offensiveagainst Serbia and Montenegro. Despite tough resistance that was offered to theenemy, Montenegrin and Serbian armies were forced to slowly withdraw before thesuperior enemy. After the defeat of Serbian army and its withdrawal over Montenegro towards Albanian coast, Montenegrin army protected its retreat in unequalfight with the superior enemy. But, despite the supremacy that Austrian-Hungarianarmy had, it led bitter fights with poorly equipped Montenegrin army, whose fighting quality, regardless of numerous weaknesses, was on very high level. However,having in mind the fact Montenegro entered into this war materially and technically unprepared, and that its food and war material supply was difficult and that itwas forced to support thousands of refugees that escaped from the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bay of Kotor, Serbia, Metohija and Sandzak before the Austrian-Hungarian army to the midland of Montenegro, poverty, hunger and anarchicalatmosphere reigned the country. In these circumstances, left alone to fight againstsuperior enemy, Montenegrin army was forced to, after months of fight, to laydown its arms in January 1916.

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