Bariery natury systemowej, organizacyjnej i społecznej w tworzeniu i rozwoju akademickich spółek spin-off w Polsce
Systemic, Organizational and Social Barriers in the Creation and Development of Academic Spin-off Companies in Poland

Summary/Abstract: In the literature on the subject, many studies can be found on the barriers they face in creating and developing their entrepreneurial activity in Poland. Among them, mainly those that concern all entrepreneurs, and thus also spin-off companies, are described. However, these companies are burdened with specific barriers that are significant only to them. The study drew particular attention to them, but also referred to the others, which were divided when presented on the barriers: systemic, organizational and social. As part of the deliberations included in the paper, the focus has been, apart from a brief description of spin-off companies, on the presentation of the leading role of the principle of economic freedom for each entity operating in the economic turnover, including spin-offs, albeit intheir case with a certain limitation. Above all, however, specific barriers to spin-off companies have been identified. Finally, several options to limit them were proposed, which could be conducive to their more friendly development. This division was made for the needs of conducted author’s research, the results of which were presented in this study.

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