Standaryzacja łączności świata fizycznego ze światem IT jako element systemów cyber-fizycznych działających w czasie rzeczywistym
Standardization of Communication Between the Physical World and the IT World as an Element of Cyber-Physical Systems Operating in Real Time

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the article is to show how cyber-physical systems can reflect the physical flows of goods in supply chains and what are the conditions for their effective introduction and dissemination are. The popularization of the Internet has revolutionized communication and cooperation between people around the world. On the other hand, cyber-physical systems, which concern the integration of various devices, introduce a new network revolution called the Internet of Things (IoT). Traditional Internet connects several billion people, while the Internet of Things, as it is expected, will connect more than 30 billion devices in wireless networks by 2020. Such integration of people and systems, networking, digitally controlled machines using the Internet and information technologies is called Industry 4.0. Industry 4.0 is not only the company’s production system, but also the environment: logistics systems, resources, customer service. All these elements should be: integrated, communicated, programmable, reconfigured, managed and flexible. It shows that the key element in the effective implementation is the worldwide standardization in the identification of materials, components and products, logistic units (e.g. pallets with goods) transferred between the enterprises and entities of goods and information exchange. Such standards have been operating for almost 50 years under the common name GS1 System (formerly: EAN). Wordwide-unique identifiers, barcodes and RFID tags as well as information exchange standards through the Electronic Data Exchange (EDI) constitute and will constitute the foundation of the electronic economy. The main intention of the article is to indicate that it is necessary to use uniform methods of communication and information exchange to achieve cyber-physical systems working in an efficient manner. This is important at the level of individual companies, but it is particularly important in cooperation in supply chains.

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