Ewolucja poglądów na genezę „wielkich stożków napływowych” na Równinie Łowicko-Błońskiej
Evolution of the opinions on the genesis of “the huge alluvial fans” on the Łowicz-Błonie Plain

Summary/Abstract: „The huge alluvial fans zone” was recognised in the southern and middle part of the Łowicz-Błonie Plain about one hundred years ago. A review of the literature has revealed that limits of the zone are marked variably and there are many views on its age and genesis. The fan zone is describe as a 5 to 12 km wide strip lying northwards from the upper morainic plain, which slopes gently from 130–124 m a.s.l. in the south to 100 m a.s.l. in the north. The origin of the fans is usually explained with reference to accumulation by rivers flowing from interfluves lying higher to the lower lying foreland. Wunderlich (1917) and Samsonowicz (1927) related the origin of these landforms with accumulation by rivers flowing into the so called Warsaw icedammed lake. Mizer ja (1947) proposed that the fans were deposited by rivers and the coalescing of many fans created a wide zone at the foot of the interfluves. Also Balińska-Wuttke (1960) associateed the development of the fans with mouths of rivers in the northern foreland of interfluves. Różycki (1972) presented another view according to which fans occur not on north-facing slopes of the interfluves but on their portions situated in some distance from the river valleys. The fans resulted from intense overland flow that carried large amounts of sandy deposits over short distances. Slopewash deposits were not transported to rivers but remained on the slopes or at their feet, which is represented by contour lines taking forms of garlands. Brzeziński (1991a, b, 1998) presented outwash plains, kame terraces, valley terraces and dunes in place of the fan’s zone. In Klajnert and Kobojek (2003) opinion “a zone of alluvial fans” is a polygenetic surface. Its fundamental elements were formed during the Warta stage ice sheet recession at the edge zone of the Rawa Interfluve as a result of accumulation of silt, sand and gravel. Vistulian slope deposits are found only in very narrow zones of valley edges. The surface of the fluvioglacial level is usually overlain with Late Vistulian coversands. Kalińska (2008) indicated only aeolian sedimentary environment. Diversity of opinions on the genesis of the landforms within “the huge alluvial fans zone” are a consequence of the different location and extent research areas, methods and predominant research theory.

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