Geneza koła krakowskiego
The genesis of the Cracow circle

Summary/Abstract: This paper is devoted to exploring the cultural background of the manifesto of the Cracow Circle, a philosophical group consisting of Józef Maria Bocheński, O.P., Jan Franciszek Drewnowski, Rev. Jan Salamucha and Bolesław Sobociński. The group was mentored by Jan Łukasiewicz and Rev. Konstanty Michalski. The manifesto of the Cracow Circle aimed to apply the programme of the Lvov-Warsaw School to Catholic theology and philosophy. Within the school, special emphasis was placed on Łukasiewicz’s version of the programme. The amendments to be carried out concerned: (a) refurbishing philosophical language to meet all the conditions of proper scientific discourse, (b) incorporating mathematical logic, (c) upgrading semiotics and methodology, and (d) using formal methods in philosophy. Four groups of circumstances are analysed as the milieu of the Cracow Circle at the beginning of the 20th century and in direct relation to the influential activities of its four founders: (a) esprit de l’époque, (b) state of philosophy, (c) state of logic, and (d) state of theology.

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