Kapitał społeczny i jego użytkownicy
Social Capital and its Stakeholders

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the article is to define the criteria of classification of conceptions concerning social capital and to propose the method to identify particular types of it. Numerous theories concerning social capital, differently define its crucial elements and, in consequence, methods of measuring the resources. For example, structural and normative conceptions define its structure and functions in dissimilar ways. The former claims that resources existing in the network create social capital used for individual benefit. The latter presumes that the necessary attribute of social capital are its positive effects for broader social entities, while shared norms and values are the source of it. These presumptions cause methodological consequences. The structural approach reduces social capital to the network; the normative one accounts for two other components: trust and shared norms and values. Authors claim that particular types of social capital, existing on different levels of social life, fulfill specific functions. The key to identification of the type is the object that possesses a type of capital which may be called the owner of it. Particular types of social capital differ in the number and character of elements, so its resources may be defined with the method of measuring the indicators of three components: network, trust and shared norms and values.

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