ЖЕНЩИНА КАК ОБЪЕКТ И СУБЪЕКТ В ТРАДИЦИОННОЙ БРАЧНО‐ПРАВОВОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ ЧЕЧЕНЦЕВ И ИНГУШЕЙ (1870—1970‐е гг.)
WOMAN AS AN OBJECT AND SUBJECT IN THE TRADITIONAL MARRIAGE AND LEGAL CULTURE OF CHECHENS AND INGUSH (1870—1970s)

Summary/Abstract: The aim of this article is to study one of the main forms of marriage in the North Caucasus — the abduction of girls, and a form of violating criminal laws — the abduction of women. The work is carried out on the example of Chechnya and Ingushetia. The chronological framework of the study is the period from 1870 till 1970. The study is based on the new field ethnographic materials collected by one of the authors of the article in Chechnya and Ingushetia (1960—1970s). In the article a woman is considered as a subject and an object in the family and marriage culture of Chechens and Ingush. The authors of the article studied the general and special characteristics in the existence of the institution of abduction in the marriage and legal culture of Chechens and Ingush. The authors study two main types: 1) the institution of abduction from the Chechens and Ingush living on the plain; 2) the institution of abduction from the Chechens and Ingush living in the mountains. The tradition of abduction was divided into violent and voluntary acts. The authors focused on the relationship between the institute of blood feud and the abduction of girls and women, as well as on the conditions and procedures for reconciliation after the abduction. Reconciliation was done according to the rules of adat. The authors of the article formulated a number of rules according to which the problems associated with the existence of the institution of abduction were regulated. The authors of this article show the changes that have occurred with this institution for over 100 years.

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