Desființarea înscrisurilor în procesul penal – procedura specială în cazul soluțiilor de netrimitere în judecată
Cancellation of documents in criminal proceedings – the special procedure in case of dismissal of charges

Summary/Abstract: The article addresses the issue of cancellation of documents resulting from the commission of a crime, mainly concerning the special procedure regulated in Article 5491 of the Criminal Procedure Code. The legal nature of the institution of cancellation of documents resulting from the commission of an offence is the same, regardless of whether it is ordered by the court of law, pursuant to Article 25 paragraph 3 of the Criminal Procedure Code, or by the judge of the preliminary chamber, pursuant to Article 5491 of the Criminal Procedure Code. In the majority specialized literature it was embraced the opinion according to which within the procedure of abolition of documents regulated in Article 5491 of the Criminal Procedure Code only the document regarded as instrumentum probationis may be revoked, and not the legal operation attested by the respective document as negotium juris. Also, the majority doctrine considers that the procedure for the cancellation of documents can be applied only in case of committing forgery offences, not also in case the documents would come from committing other offences. This article seeks to question the correctness of these doctrinal opinions, bringing some arguments in the sense that the cancellation also refers to the legal operation (negotium) and may also concern documents resulting from the commission of offences other than those of forgery. In order to support these points of view, there have been brought resulting from the way in which the institution of cancellation of documents was regulated in the previous Romanian legislations and arguments resulting from the interpretation of the legal texts in force. The problem is of practical importance, because there are many situations in which the prosecutor’s office can no longer order the prosecution of the perpetrator of the offence which is at the origin of which the document required to be revoked (due to his death or the intervention of criminal liability for this offence), notifying the judge of the preliminary chamber with the request for the cancellation of the document resulting from this offence. However, the solution which will be adopted by the judge of the preliminary chamber may depend on the clarification of the previously mentioned aspects.

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