Zmiana w polityce zagranicznej Chin w erze Xi Jinpinga
The Changes in the China’s Foreign Policy in the Era of Xi Jinping

Summary/Abstract: The aim of the article is to analyze the changes in China’s foreign policy in 2012–2019. Two research questions were set: How has the normative sphere of Chinese foreign policy changed after 2012? Is the change confirmed by specific actions by China in the international system? The theory of neoclassical realism was adopted as the theoretical framework. The method of qualitative analysis was applied, and the case study was taken on. During Xi Jinping’s rule, China abandoned the keep a low profile concept in favor of a striving of achievement policy (fen fa you wei) that would reach concrete benefits. New concepts of China’s foreign policy have emerged, such as: “a new model of relations between superpowers”, “peripheral diplomacy”, or “a new concept of Asian security”. However, these are rather reinterpretations of earlier ideas. Not all of these assumptions have been realized. China has failed to build relations with the United States on the basis of the concept of a “new model of relations”. And China’s aggressive postures in the East China Sea, South China Sea, or towards Taiwan are increasing concern. The Belt and Road Initiative appears to be not only a manifestation of China’s “peripheral policy” but also a challenge to the United States. Assertive and more determined in using hard power measures China may be considered the threat rather than the responsible power. Maybe, the significant changes in the international system are beginning.

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