Commoning egy ökológialiag fenntartható, szolidáris társadalomért
Commoning for an Ecologically Sustainable and Solidarity-Based Society

Summary/Abstract: Our study presents the concept of the commons understood as democratic and communal way of creating goods, spaces, processes needed for human life with respect to the ecological boundaries. Unlike capitalism aiming to accumulate wealth (and the socialist command economic system), which are based on the exploitation of cheap labor and natural resources, commons are self-organized communities that do not aim to produce commodities to be sold on the market but directly address the real needs of society, while they do not destroy the natural systems which sustain them but rather enrich those. Initiatives prioritizing social and ecological reproduction, operating independently of market and state coordination mechanisms, can serve as shelters easing the pressure of capital accumulation and growth-oriented economic systems. The process of commodification which expands the market logic to more and more areas of life, carries the risk of enclosing and commodifying the commons. In this study, through the example of sharing economy on the one hand, we illustrate how a socially embedded form of satisfying people's needs, sharing can be co-opted by business models. On the other one, we also represent how sharing can contribute to create sustainable spaces of social reproduction which can rather be described by the concept of the commons, and how those look like.

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