KOMPOZYCJA NOWEL WSIEWOŁODA GARSZYNA
THE COMPOSITION OF SHORT STORIES BY V. GARSHIN

Summary/Abstract: The stories by Garshin are very interesting from the point of view of com position. The composition o f his stories has m any plans. The author analyses them in three ways: psychologically, by plot and by time and place. Psychologically the writer’s point of view is based on individual experience. In the stories ‘Reminiscences of rank and file Ivanov’,’ Four Days’, ‘Inciden’t,’ A rtists’ the dominant role is given to the narrator. He shows the world from his point of view. In the stories. ‘Attalea Princeps’, Red Flower Signal the leading role is given to the main character. The narrator accompanies the main character, showing his feelings and experiencies. Describing the character he often uses the inner point of view . But when the outward point of view is used the character is described with reference to some facts independent on the narrator with reference to the opinion o f some out-side observer. As far as the plot is concerned, the main characters are portrayed as the participants of a series of events. The centre o f the composition is always one main event. The com ¬positional centre is often a culmination in the development of the narration. The coincidence of a culminationwith a denouement is an interesting compositional means in. Garshin’s stories. As far as the time and place is concerned Garshin’s characters are always in a certain place at a certain time. Sometimes the narrator is also in the same place as the character, as if “tied” to him. The position o f the narrator is defined by time. The time is given either from the point of view of the narrator or the character. The use of the given time introduces a certain succession in the story. From this point of view it is a kind of com positional frame in a concrete story. Garshin tries to use different points of view of a narrator-observer and a narrator-character and the change of time and place.

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