A Duna–Tisza–Maros köz és Temesvár a középkorban
The Danube-Tisza-Maros Region and the Town of Temesvár in the Middle Ages

Summary/Abstract: After discussing the notion of Bánság (Romanian, German, Serbian: Banat) and the geographical and political-administrative characteristics of the region in question, the paper focuses on the development of Temesvár, medieval precursor of modern Timişoara, in the period that preceded the mid-16th century. Temesvár was and remained the centre of Temes county and the seat of the archdeaconry of Temes, and was the place where between 1315 and 1323 Charles I of Anjou, king of Hungary, had his royal residence. Later, in parallel with the Balkans policy of the Hungarian Kingdom and the Ottoman menace, the importance of Temesvár increased significantly, especially from the military point of view. This situation, however, restricted the self-government of the town to that extent that Temesvár did not succeed in gaining admittance to the category of the most developed towns (royal free towns) of the realm in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. After averting a siege in the fall of 1551, Temesvár finally fell to the Ottomans in 1552. This opened a new chapter in the history of the town.

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